the second

                                slower or faster 
        In a Science article is mentioned 3 seconds ticks difference after a million years at heights varying 1 km.
This is measured with atomic clocks but not in agreement with the book The Quantum Theory of Gravitation (2003) in which is argued that radioactivity varies with concentration of mass; was in the past (due to higher concentration of the universe content) lesser with then more stable atoms. One should consider that processes in the core influence the electrons. The author Vasily Yanchilin is busy too with an experiment using atomic clocks at different heights in order to proove that time runs faster near mass. The standard supernovae Ia may have to be changed if Yanchilin is right and the Nobel prize 2011 be returned since there won't be accellerated expansion of the universe according the new theory of the russian scientist.
Perhaps a laser beam could be split and the components led through prisms at different heights where refraction indexes differ due to different second and accordingly different proceeding of photons. Measuring should be done at satelites which have extremely steady course. But this experiment may not be realistic; please check it. 

Vasily Yanchilin has a new interpretation about photons coming from Mercurius and passing the sun: the principle of least action makes these photons travel with as large steps as possible (oscillations with low frequency) and a minimum number of these. Everybody agrees that near mass the unit of length shrinks and the distances become larger. If Einstein were right a distant observer would notice a hyperbolic track. In other words the light from the planet would be seen only after Mercurius had left already the shade of the sun.

Most people think this difficult to understand, so some adding: Although in own geometry the photons follow a straight line these are observed on Earth as attracted by the sun, causing that hyperbolic track when the second is slower at the sun. In reality they then are just pushed away (making the hyperbole) which of course does not agree with the fact that light is attracted by mass.

Yanchilin also gives better explanation of the red shift of sunlight, which in terms of the general theory of relativity is caused by attraction of the sun mass (overcoming gravitation) and by slower second on the sun, while not the sum of both is measured and an inconsistency results.

 

In short the new gravitation theory of the russian scientist, which is based on the hypothesis that mass determines length of the second or speed of light and reduces the Heisenberg uncertainty: In the half of a particle nearest to an external mass there will be less transitions (within a sphere of Heisenberg dimensions) to the farthest half than the other way. The result is displacement towards the external mass. (This may explain also why mass is not felt at rest; when such processes are in balance).

Recently a Spinoza premium was awarded to a theory of far less interest based on Einstein's theory of a hundred years ago before quantummechanics was known and to promote it Yanchilin's (competing) book was banned to a distant place at the Universiteit van Amsterdam where students have no easy access. Therefore it is urgent to answer the question whether the second slows down near mass (contradicting speed of processes at the Big Bang) or not (and makes black holes nonexistent, just big masses; as well inflation, cosmological constant and negative energy).

A fine argument in the book for faster second near mass is that shorter unit of length there makes the atom smaller and thus the electrons will rotate faster.

Furthermore Yanchilin thinks that dark mass may in part be remnant of dispersed, of old light. When waves spread the total energy remains the same but dilution makes reactions impossible. Due to the attraction of photons to mass there will be some gradient in spreading of the remaining stuff. Could this be medium for transfer of information through otherwise empty space? P.e. how can potential be felt at a distance? Yanchilin relates the speed of light to the potential of the total mass of the universe. Which was in the past much bigger and so also the speed of light. And becomes zero at the "edge" of the universe, where everything looses speed and direction, gets undetermined. He explains that Einstein only took constant speed of electro-magnetic waves in empty space as a temporary working hypothesis; not believing that such a phenomen can be totally independent of everything else in the universe. Reflect on the words electro, magnetic and waves.